In this RECOVER study, researchers wanted to find out if getting COVID-19 made young children more likely to get sick later. Some researchers believe that the immune system (the body’s defense system) won’t be able to fight off germs well after someone has had COVID-19. They also thought that children might be more likely to catch the cold-like virus that spread widely in 2022, called respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), or other lung infections after having COVID-19. To learn more, RECOVER researchers looked at the electronic health records (EHRs) of thousands of young children (those less than 5 years old) across 27 US health systems. They compared more than 133,000 young children who had COVID-19 to more than 37,000 young children who had the flu and more than 46,000 young children who had other respiratory infections. Researchers checked for RSV and other respiratory infections for 6 months in each group. They found the opposite of what was believed about the body’s immune system: young children who had COVID-19 were less likely to get RSV or other respiratory infections than young children in the other groups. This study is important because it suggests that getting COVID-19 may not make young children more likely to get RSV or other respiratory illnesses afterward.